Airway Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis

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What is Cystic Fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder which affects mainly the lungs and/or pancreas. 1 Currently, cystic fibrosis is known as the most common lethal inherited disease in the Caucasian population. 2 People with CF suffer from progressive respiratory complaints along with recurrent airway infections, but also other organ systems are impaired, which leads to malabsorption and infertility. At the moment, the prognosis for CF-patients is poor, mainly due to damage of the respiratory tract by recurrent infection which induce enormous inflammation. Since airway infections play an important role in CF, it raised the question whether this pathology can be related to the newly discovered airway microbiome. This relationship between CF and the airway microbiome will be discussed in this blog. This post will cover everything you need to know about CF to prepare you for the rest of this blog. If you are already an expert on cystic fibrosis, you can sit back and see if y...

Introduction

Hello fellow traveller, welcome to the unknown. If you have stumbled upon our weblog you must be truly wanting to expand your horizon. In writing this blog we have truly sought out the boundries of science and published research. Have you ever thought about what lived in your lungs? I'm sure you've heard plenty about "good bacteria" in your gut and know that we need them to stay healthy. But how about the lungs? Weren't they just supposed to be clean and sterile, except maybe some tar from cigarette smoke for the smokers among us? Okay, as you might have guessed: they're not. Researchers themselves took their sweet time to stumble upon this information. Which also explains why there is still so little research about the lung microbiome. In this blog we took a dive in the lung microbiome of cystic fybrosis patients and hope to thereby illustrate the importance of this relatively new field of science. A lot is known about the cystic fibrosis lung microbiome co...

Critical appraisal

Critical appraisal of articles about lung microbiota in early CF patients (1, 2) Study design The first article (1) is a cohort study looking at infants diagnosed with CF after neonatal screening. Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were performed at the time of study entry, if hospitalized, and annually after entry. These samples were then processed and analysed for bacterial genes using 16-S sequencing as well as quantitative cultures and measurement of different inflammatory markers, especifically IL-8 and neutrophil electalase. In the end, a total of 95 samples from 48 subjects could be successfully sequenced, and successive samples could be obtained in 27 of these subjects. Data from medical records were obtained, including the best FEV 1 at 6 years of age, which was subsequently recalculated using Global Lung Initiative 2012 reference values to measure percentage of expected.(3) Information about whether they were symptomatic at the time of BAL...

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